What was the zulu war caused by

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The second was the Number V Column at Luneberg to safeguard the Transvaal, which had been annexed by the British in see map.

The first attack of the war took place on 12 January , when the position of Sihayo's kraal, situated in the Batshe valley, threatened the successful advancement of the British column. The Natal Native Contingent showed reluctance to face the Zulus, some of whom were armed with rifles.

In an attempt to thwart the attack, stones were also rolled down onto the attackers and after sharp action, the Zulus retreated, with 30 dead, 4 wounded and 10 captured. The British however, suffered only 2 casualties, with 15 wounded. The main Zulu army left Nodwengu on 17 January to defend Zululand from the centre column. Cetshwayo had promised his men that the British would be defeated in a 'single day'.

On the 17 January Chelmsford and his forces rode to Isandlwana, which he had selected as the site for his next camp. Chelmsford encountered some local resistance and mistakenly assumed it to be the main Zulu force.

This divided his column, half of which he took to support an engagement some fifteen kilometres away. Colonel A. Durnford arrived the next day with a detachment to reinforce the camp and take over command. Durnford, described as being 'as plucky as a lion but as imprudent as a child', impetuously pursued a Zulu foraging party. As he proceeded over the ridge of the Mabaso heights he encountered, to his horror, the Zulu army, a mass of 20 strong below.

The Zulu had not intended to attack then, as it was a new moon and it was considered unwise to fight on a 'dark day'. However, once discovered, they had no choice but to go on the offensive. Pulleine was therefore forced to spread his firepower over a long distance, instead of concentrating his men in a tight formation.

The Zulu steadily advanced in the horn formation, their centre, or chest, pitted against Puileine's left flank. They suffered huge losses as the British concentrated fire on the chest, and the attack was temporarily stalled. Realising he was surrounded, Pulleine tried to retreat in order to save the endangered camp.

This allowed the Zulu centre to advance again, and while raising the national cry of 'uSuthu' the Zulu interposed themselves between the retreating British and their camp. Hand to hand combat ensued and the Zulu carried the day. A detachment of British troops tried to mount a final stand at a stream two miles away, but most retreated to Rorke's Drift or fled down the Mzinyathi River with the Zulu in pursuit.

The British lost 52 officers, white soldiers and black men of the Native Contingent - a third of Chelmsford's men. Everything else left behind was carried off as booty.

The Charge of the 17th Lancers at the Battle of Ulundi. One day later, a depot at Rorke's Drift was attacked against the orders of Cetshwayo, who favoured a defensive strategy. On the coast, the right column brushed aside Zulu resistance at the Nyezane river, before advancing to occupy the deserted mission station at Eshowe. The left column was also involved in heavy skirmishing around the Hlobane mountain. When the central British collapsed at Isandlwana, however, the left and right flanking columns were left exposed.

The Zulus managed to cut Colonel C. The left flank column, however, managed to remain operative. Chelmsford swiftly made his way back to Natal. The might of the British army had suffered a severe repulse and any thoughts of a quick British victory were put to rest. On the other hand, the Zulu themselves suffered terrible casualties, and worse was to follow.

However, as the battle begins it soon becomes obvious that the main Zulu army of 20, are fast approaching over the hills and Wood signals the retreat. Starting at 1pm, the battle sees over 20, Zulus repelled and by 6pm the battle is over with the loss of only 18 British soldiers. Zulu losses are heavy, estimated at over 1,, whilst the British column suffers only two deaths.

June — Chelmsford quickly reorganises his forces, swelled by reinforcements from Britain, and advances again into Zululand. Chelmsford, concerned about the arrival of Wolseley and wanting to redeem himself after the catastrophe at Isandlwana, refuses any such compromise.

The Zulus are destroyed and this effectively marks the end of the Anglo-Zulu War. For over years, the coastlines of the English Channel and south west of England were at the mercy of Barbary pirates. Men, women and children were kidnapped to be sold as slaves…. The little known Anglo-Zanzibar War of is generally considered to be the shortest war in history, lasting for a grand total of 38 minutes.